This too, too solid flesh

Nicholas Hytner’s Hamlet, with Rory Kinnear in the lead role, was a treat. They came at it with energy and attention; nothing was lost, no phrase allowed to fall to the ground unexplored or unexplained. The setting was a contemporary Eurasian dictatorship, and the actor playing Claudius bore a striking resemblance to Vladimir Putin. There was a very visible security presence tipping us off to the state of Denmark as one secretly and constantly watched, and much was made, at least in the early scenes, of the generation gap that fissures the play: Hamlet, Horatio, Laertes and Ophelia belong to a generation newly awake to ideas from outside. Ophelia listens to rock music and reads a book she hides from her father. Hamlet and Laertes strain to return to Wittenburg and France respectively, seats of learning and new ideas, in stark contrast to Denmark’s backward, martial, rotting state. Claudius (Patrick Malahide) was the smiling villian, at once urbane and full of menace, eerily echoing Putin and, behind him, Ahmadinejad. Gertrude (Clare Higgins) was a raddled, raw-boned, hard-drinking dynastic matriarch, capable, one felt, of great rage as well as raucous laughter. Polonius (David Calder) was a suspendered senior public servant, flustered and pompous, subject to senior moments in his discourses. Ophelia (Ruth Negga) was sweet and sad, as she always is.

Kinnear’s Hamlet was one of the best I’ve seen.  Thoughtful, natural, amiable, ranging ably across the mad, the merry and the melancholy. There was, however, something lacking: this Prince was not very princely. For all Hamlet’s navel-gazing, he has also something dashing about him, something dangerous and volatile and swashbuckling. One minute he’s meditating on his own delay, the next fighting a duel, slaying unseen good old men, signing the death warrants of his old school friends, leaping into a woman’s grave at her funeral declaring his boundless love.  This Hamlet - as The Times put it, ‘a Hamlet for now’ - in trainers and an anorak, looked more like an IT boffin than a prince. It was hard to picture him ‘loved of the distracted multitude.’ Hytner said it was wonderful watching Kinnear ‘think his way through the soliloquies.’ It was pleasing to see so much intellectual work in his characterisation, and his laboured thinking gave footholds to the following audience, but it was at the cost of Hamlet’s great mental agility, the lightning speed at which his brain leaps along those rocky promontories of thought.

Hamlet should be more angel than beast. He should tower over his fellows; he is larger than they, larger indeed than the play. As Romantic critic William Hazlitt wrote, “there is no play that suffers so much in being transferred to the stage. Hamlet himself seems hardly capable of being acted.” This is because Hamlet is such a sad, strange mixture of health and sickness, strength and weakness, love and misanthropy. He is a spirit at odds with his faculties, a mind outrunning his too solid flesh. Kinnear did well; yet, like so many others, he came not to the top of Hamlet’s bent.

Praise song

Two years ago today, Barack Obama was inaugurated as the 44th President of the United States.  I remember waking up at 2 or 3 in the morning to watch it live on the internet. That freezing January day was on the whole much less elevated, much less elegant, than the November night he won the vote, but it was nonetheless momentous. I was particularly excited about the commissioned poem; delighted that poems could still be commissioned for state occasions, delighted with the kind of president who would commission one.  But when it came I was disappointed. Probably, not unlike Obama's presidency, no matter how good it was it could not fulfill the expectations it created, but hearing it read that day by its author Elizabeth Alexander I found it uninspiring, falling short of the grandeur of that moment.

However, reading it again now I think it has a great deal of merit, and indeed has said something true and hopeful about America - something America seems to have forgotten in the intervening two years. Race is undoubtedly present but unspoken, merged in a common past of striving and dreaming. It speaks of a creative humility and carried history that seem lost in the clamour for tax cuts and razor wire. It speaks of love as the abiding American thing. It speaks of articulation as a way of relating - something else that seems lost. Instead of speaking, there is shouting. Two years on, there is scorn instead of praise.

Praise Song for the Day

Each day we go about our business,
walking past each other, catching each other's
eyes or not, about to speak or speaking.

All about us is noise. All about us is
noise and bramble, thorn and din, each
one of our ancestors on our tongues.

Someone is stitching up a hem, darning
a hole in a uniform, patching a tire,
repairing the things in need of repair.

Someone is trying to make music somewhere,
with a pair of wooden spoons on an oil drum,
with cello, boom box, harmonica, voice.

A woman and her son wait for the bus.
A farmer considers the changing sky.
A teacher says, Take out your pencils. Begin.

We encounter each other in words, words
spiny or smooth, whispered or declaimed,
words to consider, reconsider.

We cross dirt roads and highways that mark
the will of some one and then others, who said
I need to see what's on the other side.

I know there's something better down the road.
We need to find a place where we are safe.
We walk into that which we cannot yet see.

Say it plain: that many have died for this day.
Sing the names of the dead who brought us here,
who laid the train tracks, raised the bridges,

picked the cotton and the lettuce, built
brick by brick the glittering edifices
they would then keep clean and work inside of.

Praise song for struggle, praise song for the day.
Praise song for every hand-lettered sign,
the figuring-it-out at kitchen tables.

Some live by love thy neighbor as thyself,
others by first do no harm or take no more
than you need
. What if the mightiest word is love?

Love beyond marital, filial, national,
love that casts a widening pool of light,
love with no need to pre-empt grievance.

In today's sharp sparkle, this winter air,
any thing can be made, any sentence begun.
On the brink, on the brim, on the cusp,

praise song for walking forward in that light.

 

The rain it rains

I can't stop watching the images of the Queensland floods.  As well as being sad and strange, it's astonishing to see a familiar landscape completely transfigured by water. Many of the photos look serene, but under the surface there has been destruction. After these extraordinary waters recede, there will be much to do.

It's a cliche but it's undeniably true about Australians that we stare down adversity and face devastation on this scale with an unflinching pragmatism. The images of kids paddling while adults shoulder eskies, sofas, dogs and bikes through chest-high water are heartening.

I like this poem “Floods” by Rudyard Kipling because of the truth of its observation: “what is weak will surely go, / And what is strong must prove it so.” Also the hopefulness of the ending. The floods are destructive now, but they do end a twenty-year drought and promise better years to come for our rivers and fields.

The rain it rains without a stay
In the hills above us, in the hills;
And presently the floods break way
Whose strength is in the hills.
The trees they suck from every cloud,
The valley brooks they roar aloud--
Bank-high for the lowlands, lowlands,
Lowlands under the hills!

The first wood down is sere and small,
From the hills, the brishings off the hills;
And then come by the bats and all
We cut last year in the hills;
And then the roots we tried to cleave
But found too tough and had to leave--
Polting through the lowlands, lowlands,
Lowlands under the hills!

The eye shall look, the ear shall hark
To the hills, the doings in the hills,
And rivers mating in the dark
With tokens from the hills.
Now what is weak will surely go,
And what is strong must prove it so.
Stand fast in the lowlands, lowlands,
Lowlands under the hills!

The floods they shall not be afraid--
Nor the hills above 'em, nor the hills--
Of any fence which man has made
Betwixt him and the hills.
The waters shall not reckon twice
For any work of man's device,
But bid it down to the lowlands, lowlands,
Lowlands under the hills!

The floods shall sweep corruption clean--
By the hills, the blessing of the hills--
That more the meadows may be green
New-amended from the hills.
The crops and cattle shall increase,
Nor little children shall not cease--
Go--plough the lowlands, lowlands,
Lowlands under the hills!

Yours etc

Further meditations on Sense and Sensibility made me think about how letters drive the story. A letter from Sir John spirits the Dashwoods from Norland to Barton; a letter from Eliza Williams impels Colonel Brandon from Devonshire to London, and precipitates Willoughby's ultimate downfall; letters between Marianne and Willoughby are a revelation to Elinor as well as a catastrophic eruption, in the relationship between M and W, and in that between W and his fiancee.  Mirroring Brandon's unhappy receipt of Eliza's letter while in company, Willoughby receives Marianne's letter while he is breakfasting with his new in-laws, and the truth of his perfidy is outed again, this time to his own shame, instead of to his victim's. Lucy's letters, more than her conversation, reveal how “ignorant, illiterate and artful” she is, and how unworthy to be Edward's wife; Elinor is struggling with the composition of her letter to Edward - a letter that must be extremely painful to both - when he walks in on her and begins their most exquisitely awkward and yet most tender and revelatory exchange.


Probably in the other novels, too, letters are important, but in this novel about painful suppression and unspoken feelings, they are all the more necessary as touchstones of emotion and instruments of action.

Googling

Google's unresting laboratories have come up with a database you can use to track words, phrases, concepts through hundreds of years worth of literature. I'm still not convinced that this is useful, but like many another app it's certainly fun in a frivolous kind of way. The Ngram Viewer allows you to search multiple terms within set periods (say 1800 - 1950) so you can compare their rates of usage in a wide range of books.  My early experiments with it haven't proved particularly fruitful, but no doubt the user rather than the technology is at fault.

Wikipedia tells me that “An n-gram is a subsequence of n items from a given sequence. The items in question can be phonemes, syllables, letters, words or base pairs according to the application.” Wikipedia also warns me that “The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject” and invites me to improve it. If I knew what an n-gram was I probably would.